Kristine Bauer Department of Mathematics Johns Hopkins University 3400 N. Charles St. Baltimore, MD 21218 USA kbbauer@math.jhu.edu Randy McCarthy Department of Mathematics University of Illinois 1409 W. Green St. Urbana, IL 61801 USA randy@math.uiuc.edu On vanishing Tate cohomology and decompositions in Goodwillie calculus Mathematical Subject Classification: 55P65 (55P45, 13D03) Our main result is that if F is a functor from a pointed category C to spectra, the Goodwillie tower of F evaluated at X splits rationally when X is a co-H-object of C. We show that the layers of F(X) in this case are easy to identify. The splitting of the Goodwillie tower gives a decomposition of F(X) into a product of its layers. We use this to recover the rational decompositions of Hochschild and higher Hochschild homology by Pirashvili, Loday,and Gerstenhaber-Schack. Finally, we extend the main theorem to include dual calculus to recover the Poincar\'e-Birkhoff-Witt theorem, and improve the theorem in the special case in which the comultiplication map is cocommutative.